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The setgid (set group id) can do two things allow the user to ex= ecute a program with the permissions of the group owner.
Well what does this mean?
Sometimes you want any newly created files to belong to a specific group= .
Let's start with a simple folder that you adjust and intend to share onl= y with members of the staff group but nobody else. You setup permissions pr= operly on the folder.
...
But when you create the files, you realize that your fellow staff member= s can enter your folder, but not see your files.
...
To fix this, just add the setid to the folder,
chmod g= +s shared-folder=20
Now create your new file and you can see the difference in the group own= er,
...
However, immediately there are some caveats. First your existing file is= not fixed.
Second, moving files from your own home folder over does not automatical= ly fix the permissions,
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Third, if you create subfolders this happens,
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In this case, we want to take an existing folder with many files for a z= ero footprint application and ensure that any new files created will belong= to the right group.
We use the chmod command combined with find - to return back only direct= ories - and xargs,
find /p= ath/to/hierarchy -type d | xargs -I{} chmod g+s {}=20